<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with Wdesk from Workiva-->
<!--Copyright 2023 Workiva-->
<!--r:fb696e89-33dc-46c1-8b0a-06e7c94e2493,g:84666321-8aeb-4ed9-ba40-f600d0efd75e-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:lly="http://www.lilly.com/20230331" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.lilly.com/20230331">
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2022" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2022" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2022/country-2022.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="lly-20230331_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="lly-20230331_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="lly-20230331_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="lly-20230331_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:roleType id="CoverPage" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/CoverPage">
        <link:definition>0000001 - Document - Cover Page</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofOperationsUnaudited" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofOperationsUnaudited">
        <link:definition>0000002 - Statement - Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations (Unaudited)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofComprehensiveIncomeUnaudited" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofComprehensiveIncomeUnaudited">
        <link:definition>0000003 - Statement - Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ConsolidatedCondensedBalanceSheets" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/ConsolidatedCondensedBalanceSheets">
        <link:definition>0000004 - Statement - Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ConsolidatedCondensedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/ConsolidatedCondensedBalanceSheetsParenthetical">
        <link:definition>0000005 - Statement - Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofEquity" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofEquity">
        <link:definition>0000006 - Statement - Consolidated Condensed Statements of Equity</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofEquityParenthetical" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofEquityParenthetical">
        <link:definition>0000007 - Statement - Consolidated Condensed Statements of Equity (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofCashFlows" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/ConsolidatedCondensedStatementsofCashFlows">
        <link:definition>0000008 - Statement - Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentation" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/BasisofPresentation">
        <link:definition>0000009 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Revenue" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/Revenue">
        <link:definition>0000010 - Disclosure - Revenue</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AcquisitionsandDivestitures" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/AcquisitionsandDivestitures">
        <link:definition>0000011 - Disclosure - Acquisitions and Divestitures</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CollaborationsandOtherArrangements" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/CollaborationsandOtherArrangements">
        <link:definition>0000012 - Disclosure - Collaborations and Other Arrangements</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstruments" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstruments">
        <link:definition>0000013 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="IncomeTaxes" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/IncomeTaxes">
        <link:definition>0000014 - Disclosure - Income Taxes</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RetirementBenefits" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/RetirementBenefits">
        <link:definition>0000015 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefits</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Contingencies" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/Contingencies">
        <link:definition>0000016 - Disclosure - Contingencies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherComprehensiveIncomeLoss" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/OtherComprehensiveIncomeLoss">
        <link:definition>0000017 - Disclosure - Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherNetIncomeExpense" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/OtherNetIncomeExpense">
        <link:definition>0000018 - Disclosure - Other&#8211;Net, (Income) Expense</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentationPolicies" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/BasisofPresentationPolicies">
        <link:definition>0000019 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Policies)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueTables" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/RevenueTables">
        <link:definition>0000020 - Disclosure - Revenue (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AcquisitionsandDivestituresTables" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/AcquisitionsandDivestituresTables">
        <link:definition>0000021 - Disclosure - Acquisitions and Divestitures (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CollaborationsandOtherArrangementsTables" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/CollaborationsandOtherArrangementsTables">
        <link:definition>0000022 - Disclosure - Collaborations and Other Arrangements (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsTables" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsTables">
        <link:definition>0000023 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RetirementBenefitsTables" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/RetirementBenefitsTables">
        <link:definition>0000024 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefits (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTables" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTables">
        <link:definition>0000025 - Disclosure - Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherNetIncomeExpenseTables" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/OtherNetIncomeExpenseTables">
        <link:definition>0000026 - Disclosure - Other&#8211;Net, (Income) Expense (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentationDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/BasisofPresentationDetails">
        <link:definition>0000027 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueSummaryofRevenueRecognizedDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/RevenueSummaryofRevenueRecognizedDetails">
        <link:definition>0000028 - Disclosure - Revenue (Summary of Revenue Recognized) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueAdjustmentstoRevenueDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/RevenueAdjustmentstoRevenueDetails">
        <link:definition>0000029 - Disclosure - Revenue (Adjustments to Revenue) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueContractLiabilitiesDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/RevenueContractLiabilitiesDetails">
        <link:definition>0000030 - Disclosure - Revenue (Contract Liabilities) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueDisaggregationofRevenuebyProductDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/RevenueDisaggregationofRevenuebyProductDetails">
        <link:definition>0000031 - Disclosure - Revenue (Disaggregation of Revenue by Product) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueDisaggregationofRevenuebyGeographicalAreaDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/RevenueDisaggregationofRevenuebyGeographicalAreaDetails">
        <link:definition>0000032 - Disclosure - Revenue (Disaggregation of Revenue by Geographical Area) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AcquisitionsandDivestituresNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/AcquisitionsandDivestituresNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>0000033 - Disclosure - Acquisitions and Divestitures (Narrative) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AcquisitionsandDivestituresAssetsAcquiredandLiabilitiesAssumedDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/AcquisitionsandDivestituresAssetsAcquiredandLiabilitiesAssumedDetails">
        <link:definition>0000034 - Disclosure - Acquisitions and Divestitures (Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AcquisitionsandDivestituresAssetAcquisitionsDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/AcquisitionsandDivestituresAssetAcquisitionsDetails">
        <link:definition>0000035 - Disclosure - Acquisitions and Divestitures (Asset Acquisitions) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CollaborationsandOtherArrangementsMilestonesDeferredCapitalizedDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/CollaborationsandOtherArrangementsMilestonesDeferredCapitalizedDetails">
        <link:definition>0000036 - Disclosure - Collaborations and Other Arrangements (Milestones (Deferred) Capitalized) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CollaborationsandOtherArrangementsNetProductRevenueDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/CollaborationsandOtherArrangementsNetProductRevenueDetails">
        <link:definition>0000037 - Disclosure - Collaborations and Other Arrangements (Net Product Revenue) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CollaborationsandOtherArrangementsNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/CollaborationsandOtherArrangementsNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>0000038 - Disclosure - Collaborations and Other Arrangements (Narrative) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>0000039 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Narrative) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofContractualMaturitiesDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofContractualMaturitiesDetails">
        <link:definition>0000040 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Schedule of Contractual Maturities) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsUnrealizedGainsandLossesDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsUnrealizedGainsandLossesDetails">
        <link:definition>0000041 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Unrealized Gains and Losses) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsRealizedGainsandLossesDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsRealizedGainsandLossesDetails">
        <link:definition>0000042 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Realized Gains and Losses) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofFairValueMeasurementDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofFairValueMeasurementDetails">
        <link:definition>0000043 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Schedule of Fair Value Measurement) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofShorttermandLongtermClassificationDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofShorttermandLongtermClassificationDetails">
        <link:definition>0000044 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Schedule of Short-term and Long-term Classification) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofForeignCurrencyForwardCommitmentsDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofForeignCurrencyForwardCommitmentsDetails">
        <link:definition>0000045 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Schedule of Foreign Currency Forward Commitments) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofEffectofRiskManagementDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofEffectofRiskManagementDetails">
        <link:definition>0000046 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Schedule of Effect of Risk Management) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofRiskManagementInstrumentsDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/FinancialInstrumentsScheduleofRiskManagementInstrumentsDetails">
        <link:definition>0000047 - Disclosure - Financial Instruments (Schedule of Risk Management Instruments) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="IncomeTaxesDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetails">
        <link:definition>0000048 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RetirementBenefitsComponentsofNetPeriodicBenefitCostDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/RetirementBenefitsComponentsofNetPeriodicBenefitCostDetails">
        <link:definition>0000049 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefits (Components of Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ContingenciesDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/ContingenciesDetails">
        <link:definition>0000050 - Disclosure - Contingencies (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAOCIDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAOCIDetails">
        <link:definition>0000051 - Disclosure - Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (AOCI) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxEffectDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxEffectDetails">
        <link:definition>0000052 - Disclosure - Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tax Effect) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationDetails">
        <link:definition>0000053 - Disclosure - Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Reclassification) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherNetIncomeExpenseDetails" roleURI="http://www.lilly.com/role/OtherNetIncomeExpenseDetails">
        <link:definition>0000054 - Disclosure - Other&#8211;Net, (Income) Expense (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element id="lly_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionQualitativeDisclosureOtherPercentageOfNonperformingAssets" abstract="false" name="DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionQualitativeDisclosureOtherPercentageOfNonperformingAssets" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_RocheMember" abstract="true" name="RocheMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_LossContingencyNumberOfSitesJointlyAndSeverallyLiableForCleanup" abstract="false" name="LossContingencyNumberOfSitesJointlyAndSeverallyLiableForCleanup" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OtherDiabetesMember" abstract="true" name="OtherDiabetesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_MounjaroMember" abstract="true" name="MounjaroMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_MilestonePaymentsCapitalizedAsIntangibleAssetsMember" abstract="true" name="MilestonePaymentsCapitalizedAsIntangibleAssetsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_TaltzMember" abstract="true" name="TaltzMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_SellEuroMember" abstract="true" name="SellEuroMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_FairValueHedgeAbstract" abstract="true" name="FairValueHedgeAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_ForteoMember" abstract="true" name="ForteoMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_EmgalityMember" abstract="true" name="EmgalityMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_EmployeeLitigationJuly2018RulingMember" abstract="true" name="EmployeeLitigationJuly2018RulingMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_SalesRebatesAndDiscounts" abstract="false" name="SalesRebatesAndDiscounts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_VerzenioMember" abstract="true" name="VerzenioMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognized" abstract="false" name="DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognized" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherAssetsLiabilitiesNet" abstract="false" name="BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherAssetsLiabilitiesNet" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OtherProductTotalMember" abstract="true" name="OtherProductTotalMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OtherOncologyMember" abstract="true" name="OtherOncologyMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OtherImmunologyMember" abstract="true" name="OtherImmunologyMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_AlimtaMember" abstract="true" name="AlimtaMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeAndForeignCurrencyAdjustmentIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestMember" abstract="true" name="AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeAndForeignCurrencyAdjustmentIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_MilestonePaymentsSalesBasedMember" abstract="true" name="MilestonePaymentsSalesBasedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BuyUSDollarSellChineseYuanMember" abstract="true" name="BuyUSDollarSellChineseYuanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A1375NotesDue2061Member" abstract="true" name="A1375NotesDue2061Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A495NotesDue2063Member" abstract="true" name="A495NotesDue2063Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_DebtSecuritiesAvailableforsaleUnrealizedGainPosition" abstract="false" name="DebtSecuritiesAvailableforsaleUnrealizedGainPosition" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_AvailableforsaleSecuritiesandEquitySecuritiesFVNIRealizedLoss" abstract="false" name="AvailableforsaleSecuritiesandEquitySecuritiesFVNIRealizedLoss" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_CollaborativeArrangementRightsAndObligationsPercent" abstract="false" name="CollaborativeArrangementRightsAndObligationsPercent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_ErbituxMember" abstract="true" name="ErbituxMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OlanzapinePortfolioMember" abstract="true" name="OlanzapinePortfolioMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BuyUsdSellEuroMember" abstract="true" name="BuyUsdSellEuroMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_RevenueInformationUsedToDetermineRevenueRecognizedChangeInAccountingEstimatePercent" abstract="false" name="RevenueInformationUsedToDetermineRevenueRecognizedChangeInAccountingEstimatePercent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_CollaborationandOtherRevenueMember" abstract="true" name="CollaborationandOtherRevenueMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_TrajentaBIMember" abstract="true" name="TrajentaBIMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_SellChineseYuanMember" abstract="true" name="SellChineseYuanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OncologyMember" abstract="true" name="OncologyMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BaqsimiMember" abstract="true" name="BaqsimiMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A718NotesDueJune12025Member" abstract="true" name="A718NotesDueJune12025Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_SeniorNotesDue202620332053And2063Member" abstract="true" name="SeniorNotesDue202620332053And2063Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_ForeignCurrencyDenominatedDebtMember" abstract="true" name="ForeignCurrencyDenominatedDebtMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_DiabetesMember" abstract="true" name="DiabetesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BioMarinPharmaceuticalIncMember" abstract="true" name="BioMarinPharmaceuticalIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_MilestonePaymentsDevelopmentAndRegulatoryMember" abstract="true" name="MilestonePaymentsDevelopmentAndRegulatoryMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A500NotesDue2033Member" abstract="true" name="A500NotesDue2033Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_LossContingencyNumberOfPatents" abstract="false" name="LossContingencyNumberOfPatents" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A625NotesDue2031Member" abstract="true" name="A625NotesDue2031Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OlumiantMember" abstract="true" name="OlumiantMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BusinessAcquisitionContingentValueRightAdditionalPricePerShare" abstract="false" name="BusinessAcquisitionContingentValueRightAdditionalPricePerShare" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_JardianceMember" abstract="true" name="JardianceMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_SwapU.S.DollarsToEuroMember" abstract="true" name="SwapU.S.DollarsToEuroMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_AvailableforSaleSecuritiesandEquitySecuritiesFVNIRealizedGain" abstract="false" name="AvailableforSaleSecuritiesandEquitySecuritiesFVNIRealizedGain" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_EmgalityPatentLitigationMember" abstract="true" name="EmgalityPatentLitigationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_HumulinMember" abstract="true" name="HumulinMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_PurchasesOfInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" abstract="false" name="PurchasesOfInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OtherProductMember" abstract="true" name="OtherProductMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A2.125NotesDueJune32030Member" abstract="true" name="A2.125NotesDueJune32030Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_EmployeeLitigationJuly2019RulingMember" abstract="true" name="EmployeeLitigationJuly2019RulingMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_NeuroscienceMember" abstract="true" name="NeuroscienceMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_HedgedFixedRateDebtMember" abstract="true" name="HedgedFixedRateDebtMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BuyGBPSellUSDMember" abstract="true" name="BuyGBPSellUSDMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_DisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationMilestonePaymentsToBeReceived" abstract="false" name="DisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationMilestonePaymentsToBeReceived" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_CostOfSalesOperatingExpensesAndOtherNet" abstract="false" name="CostOfSalesOperatingExpensesAndOtherNet" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_ImmunologyMember" abstract="true" name="ImmunologyMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_AcquiredInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" abstract="false" name="AcquiredInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_PaymentsForAssetAcquisitions" abstract="false" name="PaymentsForAssetAcquisitions" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_FairValueInvestmentsEntitiesThatCalculateNetAssetValuePerShareUnfundedCommitmentsPaymentPeriod" abstract="false" name="FairValueInvestmentsEntitiesThatCalculateNetAssetValuePerShareUnfundedCommitmentsPaymentPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A6.77NotesDueJanuary12036Member" abstract="true" name="A6.77NotesDueJanuary12036Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BuyEuroSellUsDollarMember" abstract="true" name="BuyEuroSellUsDollarMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_HumalogHumulinAndForteoMember" abstract="true" name="HumalogHumulinAndForteoMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_CashFlowHedgeAbstract" abstract="true" name="CashFlowHedgeAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_CollaborativeArrangementRightsAndObligationsRightsObligations" abstract="false" name="CollaborativeArrangementRightsAndObligationsRightsObligations" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_MarketableSecuritiesMember" abstract="true" name="MarketableSecuritiesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_CyramzaMember" abstract="true" name="CyramzaMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A1700NotesDue2049Member" abstract="true" name="A1700NotesDue2049Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OtherEquitySecuritiesMember" abstract="true" name="OtherEquitySecuritiesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OtherForeignCountriesMember" abstract="true" name="OtherForeignCountriesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_CialisMember" abstract="true" name="CialisMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A4875NotesDue2053Member" abstract="true" name="A4875NotesDue2053Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredNumberOfContingentValueRights" abstract="false" name="BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredNumberOfContingentValueRights" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_COVID19AntibodiesMember" abstract="true" name="COVID19AntibodiesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A1125NotesDue2051Member" abstract="true" name="A1125NotesDue2051Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_AkouosAcquisitionMember" abstract="true" name="AkouosAcquisitionMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_LebrikizumabMember" abstract="true" name="LebrikizumabMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_MilestonePaymentsDevelopmentandRegulatoryCapitalizedDeferredCumulativeMember" abstract="true" name="MilestonePaymentsDevelopmentandRegulatoryCapitalizedDeferredCumulativeMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_HumalogMember" abstract="true" name="HumalogMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_BasaglarMember" abstract="true" name="BasaglarMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_OtherNeuroscienceMember" abstract="true" name="OtherNeuroscienceMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_TrulicityMember" abstract="true" name="TrulicityMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A50NotesDue2026Member" abstract="true" name="A50NotesDue2026Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A1.625NotesDueJune22026Member" abstract="true" name="A1.625NotesDueJune22026Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A1625NotesDue2043Member" abstract="true" name="A1625NotesDue2043Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_SwapSwissFrancsToU.S.DollarsMember" abstract="true" name="SwapSwissFrancsToU.S.DollarsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_A47NotesDue2033Member" abstract="true" name="A47NotesDue2033Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="lly_ProceedsfromSaleofEquityandAvailableforSaleSecurities" abstract="false" name="ProceedsfromSaleofEquityandAvailableforSaleSecurities" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
